Indoline is an aromatic heterocyclic organic compound with the chemical formula C8H9N. The compound is based on the indole structure, but the 2-3 bond is saturated. Indoles and their derivatives continue to inspire the development of synthetic organic chemistry even years after their discovery. The specific scaffold is a privileged structure and is ubiquitous in pharmaceuticals and biologically active compounds. Fused indolines as indole derivatives are of particular interest as they are often found in natural products and bioactives such as strychnine and tryptanthrins (alkaloids), mitosanes and mitosenes (antitumor activity) and isatisine (antiviral activity).
Indole is a compound of pyrrole and benzene in parallel, also known as benzopyrrole. There are two combinations of pyrrole and benzene, called indole and isoindole, respectively. Many derivatives of indole have physiological and pharmacological activities, and can synthesize vasodilators, antihistamines, antipyretic analgesics, etc. in medicine, so indole is also a very important heterocyclic compound.